GEOTECNICA NELLA DIFESA DEL TERRITORIO

Academic Year 2026/2027 - Teacher: SALVATORE GRASSO

Expected Learning Outcomes

Evaluation on seismic geotechnical hazards

EVALUATION OF GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS ON CLIMATE CHANGES

Knowledge of theoretical and practical concepts regarding geotechnical aspects related to: territorial protection against risks induced by natural and anthropogenic causes; soil response to seismic and volcanic actions, intense rainfall events, and groundwater pollution caused by landfills and human activity; mitigation measures for soil liquefaction under seismic conditions; and risk mitigation interventions.

 Theoretical and experimental concepts for territorial defence against risks induced by natural and anthropogenic causes; soil response to seismic and volcanic actions, intense rainfall events, and groundwater pollution caused by landfills and human activity; and risk mitigation interventions.

 Designing interventions for territorial protection against risks induced by natural and anthropogenic causes (landslides, seismic events/earthquakes, volcanic activity, etc.) and for the mitigation of their associated impacts.

 In particular, the following SDGs from the 2030 Agenda will be addressed:

 Goal 11: Sustainable Cities and Communities: By 2020, substantially increase the number of cities and human settlements adopting and implementing integrated policies and plans towards inclusion, resource efficiency, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and disaster resilience; and develop and implement—in line with the "Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction 2015-2030"—holistic disaster risk management at all levels (11.b);

 Goal 13: Climate Action: Strengthen resilience and adaptive capacity to climate-related hazards and natural disasters in all countries (13.1); Integrate climate change measures into national policies, strategies, and planning (13.2); Improve education, awareness-raising and human and institutional capacity on climate change mitigation, adaptation, impact reduction and early warning (13.3)

Ability to apply knowledge and understanding

 Upon completion of the course, students will have acquired the theoretical and technical-practical knowledge necessary to address the topics covered in a professional setting and, where necessary, to explore them further.

 Making judgments

 The knowledge acquired and the various experiences gained—including through the discussion of case studies—will enable students to develop the necessary critical tools and the ability to make independent judgments regarding the identification of the best solutions for the problems at hand.

 Communication skills

 Students will be able to use the technical terminology specific to the disciplines covered and to communicate issues and their corresponding solutions clearly and effectively, as well as present information in public with greater confidence.

 Learning skills

 Students will develop the ability to independently update their knowledge by consulting technical-scientific sources, regulations, and industry guidelines.

Course Structure

Exercises to be completed during the course and presented at the final exam.


Oral examination covering the topics in the syllabus.

 Should the course be delivered in a hybrid or remote format, necessary adjustments to the previously stated arrangements may be introduced to ensure compliance with the planned curriculum as outlined in the syllabus.

 Students recognized as working students, student-athletes, students facing hardship, or students with disabilities—pursuant to Art. 30 of the University’s Teaching Regulations and the relevant implementing regulation (Rectoral Decree no. 1598 of May 2, 2018)—may take exams during special sessions reserved for students who have exceeded the standard duration of their degree program (*fuoricorso*) and will have access to specific educational support activities (such as video lectures, where available).

Required Prerequisites

Elements of geotechnics

Attendance of Lessons

Class attendance is strongly recommended, as it aligns with the proposed educational model, which aims to foster gradual learning, active student participation in class, and dialogue between instructors and students.

Detailed Course Content

1 SEISMIC VULNERABILITY
1.1 seismic zonation
1.2 landslides caused by earthquakes hazard zonation 
1.3 liquefaction

2 LANDSLIDES ZONATION
2.1 landslides caused by rain interaction modeling
2.2 modeling for soil-structure interaction
2.3 landslides real cases
2.4 analysis of landslide hazard
2.5 lateral spreading

3 Geotechnical aspects of hydraulic flows
3.1 basin plan
3.2 geotechnical aspects of hydraulic flows
3.3 debris flows

4 VOLCANIC FLOW
4.1 defense against volcanic eruption
4.2 subsidence

5 GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS of LANDFILLS
5.1 technical standards
5.2 geotechnical characterisation
5.3 pollutant transport modelling in subsurface

6 GEOTECHNICAL ASPECTS OF CONTAMINATED SITES
6.1 site characterization
6.2 geotechnical factors in risk analysis
6.3 environmental remediation of contaminated sites

Textbook Information

  • TC4: Manual for zonation on seismic geotechnical hazards. ISSMGE. The Japanese Geotechnical Society. Tokyo. 1999.
  • Manual for zonation on areas susceptible to rain-induced slope failure. The Japanese Geotechnical Society. Tokyo. 1997.
  • Maugeri M. Romano R. Suggestions for preventive and/or defensive works against lava flows in the Etnean area.

Learning Assessment

Learning Assessment Procedures

Completion of an exercise during the course

Oral exam

Should the course be delivered in a hybrid or remote format, necessary adjustments to the previously stated arrangements may be introduced in order to adhere to the planned curriculum as outlined in the syllabus.

Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises

What are some of the computational codes used for local seismic response analysis?

 Linear, non-linear, and equivalent linear analysis

 What is microzonation?

 The difference between magnitude and macroseismic intensity

 What is soil liquefaction?

 What is the VEI?