Fisica

1. INTRODUCTION

Physical phenomena – Physical quantities – Units of measurement – Dimensional equation – Scientific notation.

General concepts – Representation of physical quantities using vectors – Vector operations: sum, difference, scalar multiplication, dot product, cross product – Components of a vector – Derivative of a vector – Integration.

3. KINEMATICS

Velocity – Acceleration – Position-time law – Uniform linear motion – Uniformly accelerated linear motion – Motion in a plane – Parabolic motion – Uniform circular motion.

4. DYNAMIC OF A MATERIAL POINT

Principle of inertia – Inertial mass – Newton's laws – Force laws: gravitational force, weight, frictional force, elastic forces, viscous resistance forces – Constraint reactions – Tension in strings – Motion along an inclined plane – Circular motions: centripetal forces – Momentum – Impulse – Inertial reference frames – Non-inertial reference frames: fictitious forces.

5. CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

Work – Kinetic energy – Work-energy theorem – Conservative forces – Potential energy – Calculation of potential energy – Potential energy and force: energy diagrams and stability of equilibrium – Central forces – Conservation of mechanical energy – Non-conservative forces.

7. OSCILLATIONS

Simple harmonic oscillator: equation of motion and solution – Mass-spring system – Simple pendulum – Kinetic and potential energy in simple harmonic motions – Damped harmonic oscillator – Forced harmonic oscillator.

8. DYNAMIC OF SYSTEM OF MATERIAL POINTS

Systems of points – Internal and external forces – Center of mass of a system of points – Theorem of center of mass motion – Conservation of linear momentum – Angular momentum – Torque – Angular momentum theorem – Conservation of angular momentum – Collisions between material points: elastic, inelastic, and completely inelastic.

9. DYNAMIC OF RIGID BODIES AND ELEMENT OF STATIC

Rigid body – Motion of a rigid body – Equation of motion of a rotating body – Rigid rotations about a fixed axis in an inertial reference frame – Moment of inertia about a fixed axis – Huygens-Steiner theorem – Work and kinetic energy in rotational motion – Rototranslational motion – Pure rolling motion – Conservation laws in rigid body motion – Statics.

10. FLUID MECHANICS

States of matter – Definition of fluid – Gases and liquids – Ideal and real fluids – Density – Pressure – Fluid statics – Pascal's principle – Stevin's law – Archimedes' principle – Torricelli's experiment – Fluid dynamics – Flow rate – Continuity equation – Bernoulli's theorem and applications. 

11. THERMOMETRY AND CALORIMETRY

Thermal equilibrium – Concept of temperature – Measurement of temperature – Kelvin temperature scale – Calorimetric definition of heat – Heat capacity – Specific heats and latent heats – Calorie – Heat sources – Mechanical equivalent of heat.

12. THERMODYNAMIC SYSTEMS

Thermodynamic systems and states – Macroscopic and microscopic perspectives – Thermodynamic coordinates – Thermodynamic equilibrium – Simple thermodynamic systems – PVT systems – Equation of state for ideal gases – Basics of the kinetic theory of gases – Thermodynamic transformations – Quasi-static transformation – Reversible and irreversible transformations – Reversible quasi-static transformation.

13. HEAT, WORK AND FIRST LAW OF THERMODYNAMIC

Work in a transformation of a PVT system – Adiabatic work – Internal energy – Thermodynamic definition of heat – First law of thermodynamics – Differential form of the first law – Internal energy of an ideal gas – Specific heats of ideal gases: Mayer's relation.

14. SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMIC

Conversion of work into heat and vice versa – Heat engines – Carnot cycle – Kelvin-Planck statement of the second law of thermodynamics – Refrigerators – Clausius statement of the second law of thermodynamics – Equivalence of the two statements – Carnot theorem – Absolute thermodynamic temperature.

15. ENTROPY

Clausius theorem – Entropy – Entropy of an ideal gas – Entropy and reversibility – Entropy and irreversibility – Principle of entropy increase – Entropy change calculations.

1. Mazzoldi, Nigro, VociI – Elementi di Fisica: Meccanica, Termodinamica (EdiSES)

2. D. Halliday, R. Resnick – Fondamenti di Fisica (vol. 1) – C.E.A., Milano

3. Serway - Fisica per Scienze ed Ingegneria - Edises