Idrodinamica dei Sistemi Naturali e Antropizzati

To introduce the subject matters concerning water resources management, hydraulic and hydrogeological risk mitigation and electric energy production from renewable sources.

The knowledge acquired will be usable in the design and management of materials and systems aimed at improving the quality of life, in accordance with the SDGs of the 2030 agenda:

• Goal 2 Zero hunger
• Goal 3 Good Health and well-being
• Goal 6 Clean water and sanitation
• Goal 7 Affordable and Clean energy
• Goal 8 Decent work and economic growth
• Goal 9 Industry, innovation and infrastructure
• Goal 11 Sustainable cities and communities
• Goal 12 Responsible consumption and production
• Goal 13 Climate action
• Goal 14 Life below water
• Goal 15 Life on land

The course includes:

• lectures, carried out in participatory mode, to obtain student involvement and content maturation;
• guided exercises, aimed at the numerical application of the concepts and methods of analysis and modelling most commonly used in hydraulics;
• tests are in progress, aimed at verifying during the course the understanding of the content and maturation of skills.

Students who have obtained recognition of the status of student worker, student athlete, student in difficulty and student with disabilities, pursuant to art. 30 of the University Teaching Regulations and the related regulation (D.R. n. 1598 of 2/5/2018), will be able to take exams in the extraordinary sessions reserved for students outside the course limits and will benefit from specific teaching support activities.

• Introduction to the course

• Fluids and their properties

• Fluid statics

• Fluid kinematics

• Fundamental equations of hydraulics

• Bernoulli's theorem

• Equations of motion for real fluids

• Pressure flows

• Practical problems related to long pipelines

• Open-surface flows

• Fundamentals of ecohydraulics and fluid-vegetation interaction

• Nature-based solutions for water resource management and flood risk reduction

1. M. Mossa, A.F. Petrillo: “Idraulica”, CEA Milano, 2024.
2. D. Citrini, D. Noseda: “Idraulica”, CEA-Milano, 1987 .
3. G. Alfonsi, E. Orsi: “Problemi di Idraulica e Meccanica dei Fluidi”, CEA Milano, 1984
4. Pezzinga, G. (2008) Esercizi di meccanica dei fluidi, Aracne Editrice, Roma

Three ongoing tests are administered during the course, designed to assess students' learning and their ability to apply the main laws of hydraulics to engineering problems. Typically, depending on the class schedule, the first ongoing test covers fluid statics (application of Stevin's law, pressure diagrams, forces on curved or flat surfaces); the second ongoing test covers the dynamics of pressurized flows (application of Bernoulli's theorem for perfect and real fluids, dynamic forces, and problems in the verification of hydraulic systems, including pumps and turbines); the third ongoing test covers the flow of free-surface flows (uniform flow, critical state, and steady flow) and the flow of fluids in vegetated systems. The ongoing tests are usually administered during class time or during breaks. Students may take all three ongoing tests, regardless of their grade in each test. The final grade for the ongoing tests is the average of the three tests that have been administered. If the final grade for the ongoing tests is higher than eighteen, the exam is considered passed.

All students, however, may also take the exam via a single written test, lasting a total of two hours, which has the same purpose as the ongoing tests and covers the same topics as mentioned above. The written test grade will be communicated within one week of the written test; a grade higher than eighteen allows the student to pass the exam. In any case, both students who received a grade higher than fifteen for the written test and those who received a grade higher than eighteen may choose to take an oral exam, which takes place within one week of the written test. The oral exam is designed to assess further the student's knowledge of the topics covered, their ability to express themselves and use language effectively, their ability to apply their knowledge to practical cases, and their ability to connect the various topics covered in the curriculum.

Assessment of the ongoing tests and the written exam: the tests consist of 10 questions, requiring numerical and graphical answers. A correct answer is worth 3 points; an answer containing minor calculation errors is worth 2 points; an answer containing medium-weight theoretical errors is worth 1 point; an incorrect answer is worth 0 points.

How to register for an exam: Booking is done through the university portal. Eight exam sessions are scheduled throughout the year, as per the academic calendar.

During the periods permitted by the academic calendar, in addition to the weekly office hours, it is possible to contact the instructor via email to arrange additional meetings for clarification.

Assessment may also be conducted electronically, if circumstances require it.

Hydrostatic pressure distribution.

Hydrostatic forces on submerged plane and curved surfaces.

Applications of the Bernoulli equation.

Dynamic forces exerted by fluid flows.

Hydraulic grade line and energy line sketches.

Analysis, design and operation of pressure pipe networks.

Critical depth and normal depth.

Steady flow free surface profiles sketches.