EQUIPMENT DESIGN FOR CHEMICAL INDUSTRY

Academic Year 2017/2018 - 2° Year
Teaching Staff: Giuseppe MIRONE
Credit Value: 9
Scientific field: ING-IND/14 - Mechanical design and machine construction
Taught classes: 54 hours
Exercise: 36 hours
Term / Semester:

Learning Objectives

The course aims at delivering the basic skills in structural analysis and design, with special focus to chemical plants-related structures and compenents. The students who positively pass an exam should be able to assess, verify and design simple piping lines, supporting structures, pressure vessels and the most typical related sub-components.

To achieve this goal is essential an extensive preliminary review of basic concepts of construction science.

The teaching methodology of the course consists of lectures, exercises to be made both in class and at home; the use of a personal computer and spreadsheets software is required.

No preliminary knowledge of structural analysis concepts is required.


Detailed Course Content

STRESS TENSOR

Stress definition and dimensions, Stress tensor, Invariants, Stress space coordinates, change of physical reference system, principal stresses and directions.

Examples & Exercises.

STRAIN TENSOR

Strain definition and dimensions, Strain tensor, Invariants, dilatational and distortional components.

Examples & Exercises.

STRESS-STRAIN RELATIONSHIPS

Elasticity matrix (vector representation of stress and strain), Yield criteria, basic concepts about plastic response and failure in special cases (uniaxial, torsional stress), path dependence.

Examples & Exercises.

STRUCTURAL PROPERTIES OF AREAS

Beam, Center of mass, Centroid, 1st order (“static”) and 2nd order (“inertia”) sectional moments, Huygens–Steiner theorem.

STATICS OF BEAMS

Definitions, De Saint Venant’s principle, Constraints and DOF, Normal and shear forces, Bending and torsion moments, Equations of statics for single beams, Unstable, Isostatic and Hyperstatic beams, Diagrams of Axial and Shear forces, Diagrams of Bending and torsion moments, Multiple-beams plane structures Truss structures, method of joints, method of sections

STRESSES AND STRAINS WITHIN DEFORMED BEAMS

Tension-compression (stress, strain, deformed shape),

Bending (Navier formula, strains distributions, equation of axis curvature, deformed beam shapes, bending of highly-curved solids), Shear (stress, strain and deformed shape of solid and thin-walled cross sections, shear center), Torsion (stress, strain and deformed shape of solid and thin-walled axisymmetrical cross sections, non-symmetric cross sections, principles about warping).

BUCKLING OF COLUMNS

Euler critical load, eccentric compression, effect of constraints, higher order buckling, membrane buckling, wrinkling.

THERMAL EFFECTS

Relaxation, Creep, viscoelastic response, principal material models

FATIGUE OF MATERIALS

Time dependent loads, difference between fatigue and high strain rate, Wohler curves, uniaxial symmetric, pulsating and intermediate loading histories, Testing methods, basic concepts about multiaxial fatigue.

NOTCH EFFECTS

Shape variations, uniaxial vs-triaxial stress states, geometry-material interaction, notch effect on static and fatigue response, Notch factor curves for main notch shapes

DESIGN OF PIPES, VESSELS AND SUPPORTING STRUCTURES

Biaxial stress states, Thin sheets, Membranal behavior, typical basic configurations of pipes and vessels, positive and negative pressure effects, shape discontinuities, hatches and flange junctions, bolted joining and leakage pressure, supporting structures, internal pressure-induced loads and external loads.


Textbook Information

  1. SHIGLEY'S MECHANICAL ENGINEERING DESIGN, Richard Budynas, Keith Nisbett, McGraw-Hill;
  2. PRESSURE VESSELS, Lecture notes by Prof. David Roylance, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology;
  3. SOLID MECHANICS, Lecture notes by Prof. Daniela Ciancio, Department of Civil, Environmental and Mining Engineering, University of Western Australia;