APPLIED MECHANICS FOR MACHINERY AND MACHINERY
Academic Year 2021/2022 - 1° YearCredit Value: 6
Scientific field: ING-IND/13 - Applied mechanics
Taught classes: 25 hours
Exercise: 37 hours
Term / Semester: 1°
Learning Objectives
Teaching is divided into two parts. In the first part, the basic concepts of mechanics applied to machinery are provided; the second part describes the hydraulic machines
Course Structure
Frontal lessons with projector and blackboard.
Lectures: 25 hours
Exercises: 37 hours
Exam:
Written exercises
Oral examination
Should teaching be carried out in mixed mode or remotely, it may be necessary to introduce changes with respect to previous statements, in line with the programme planned and outlined in the syllabus.
Detailed Course Content
1. GENERALITY ON MECHANISMS Machines and mechanisms, kinematic pairs, degrees of freedom of the kinematic pairs, degrees of freedom of planar and spatial mechanisms. 2. EFFICIENCY. Definition of mechanism efficiency, in series and in parallel efficiency, inverse motion. 3. FRICTION AND WEAR. Coefficient of friction and work, notes on the theory of sliding friction, rolling friction, friction circle. Examples: revolute pair, inclined plane. Contact pressures distribution and Reye's hypothesis. Applications: flat sliding pair, turning pair, disc brake, contact brake-pulley and brake drum. 4. GEAR WHEELS. Friction gears, conjugate profiles, primitive and fundamental circles, definition of involute of a circle. Spur gears and relative dimensioning, determination of the arc of action, non-interference condition. 5. Gearboxes. Ordinary gearboxes, planetary gears and Willis’ formula, automotive differential. Examples and exercises on gearboxes. 6. FLEXIBLES. Lifting devices, elastic and inelastic stiffness, friction in the pivots, lifting hoists, pulley block.
HYDRAULIC MACHINES
1. RECALLS ON FLUIDS AND THEIR PROPERTIES. Dynamic and kinematic viscosity, Reynolds number, Mass conservation, Bernoulli equation, distributed and concentrated pressure losses. 2. TURBOMACHINES. General characteristics, velocity triangles, fundamental turbomachine or Euler equation and internal work, organic, hydraulic and volumetric efficiency, fluid dynamics similarity and dimensionless coefficients, Balje diagram. 3. TURBOPUMPS. Characteristic curves, centrifugal pumps, mixed-flow and axial pumps, dimensioning of a turbo pump. Examples. 4. VOLUMETRIC PUMPS. Classification, Piston pumps, displacement, capacity and volumetric efficiency, power and efficiency. 5. MATCHING OF PUMP AND SYSTEM. Operation point of a plant, cavitation, NPSH and Thoma parameter, pump choice and rotation speed. 6. ACTION HYDRAULIC TURBINES. Pelton turbine, speed triangles, internal work, efficiency and losses, specific speed and diameter and design. 7. REACTION HYDRAULIC TURBINES. Francis turbine, axial flow and Kaplan turbine, reaction rate, speed triangles, internal work, efficiency and loss, sizing, regulation, diffuser. Examples.
Textbook Information
1. Massimo Callegari, Pietro Fanghella, Francesco Pellicano, “Meccanica applicata alle macchine”, UTET Università
3. G. Cornetti, "Macchine Idrauliche", Edizioni il Capitello Torino.
Insights:
1. Funaioli E., Maggiore A., Meneghetti U., “Lezioni di Meccanica Applicata alle Macchine – Vol. 1”, Pàtron Editore.
2. Jacazio G., Piombo B., “Meccanica Applicata alle Macchine – Vol.2”, Levrotto & Bella Torino.
course lecture notes