ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHITECTURAL COMPOSITION II AND LABModule ARCHITECTURE AND ARCHITECTURAL COMPOSITION II
Academic Year 2026/2027 - Teacher: SEBASTIANO D'URSOExpected Learning Outcomes
After establishing that there are no one-size-fits-all solutions in architecture today, the course aims to provide students with the tools—including analytical skills, critical and creative thinking, and the ability to develop and guide lines of reasoning and processes—needed to construct an approach to architectural design capable of examining the reality to be designed by questioning its own limits and those of contemporary society. This approach is grounded in care as a commitment of the designer’s spirit and practice. Design is thus experienced through the observation of all those aspects of life in the 21st century that require design with the attention and care for the needs of today’s society that are essential for the effectiveness of design outcomes.
Specifically, with regard to the following topics.
Knowledge and Understanding
The course aims to provide students with the knowledge necessary to:
Master every phase of the design process;
Understand the fundamental principles of design as a process of synthesizing form, function, and construction;
Understand the criteria for the configuration, layout, and distribution of spaces in response to human needs;
Understand the typological, morphological, and linguistic characteristics of the architectural structure;
Understand the correlations between the architectural work and its context;
Understand the constructability of the building and the role of technology in the design synthesis.
Ability to Apply Knowledge and Understanding
By the end of the course, students will be able to:
Apply the fundamental principles of design;
Configure and shape buildings by evaluating the functional and distributional characteristics of spaces;
Define the typological, morphological, and linguistic characteristics of the architectural structure;
Adopt the most appropriate construction techniques and procedures.
Independent Judgment
Students will be asked to:
Demonstrate the ability to critically analyze existing building systems from spatial, social, and economic perspectives;
Contextualize design, restoration, management, and organizational interventions according to different design scales;
Develop independent judgment and design skills in the fields of architecture and urban planning at various scales.
Communication Skills
By the end of the course, students will have learned to:
Interact with experts from other fields and technical professionals at various levels;
Communicate effectively within a multidisciplinary team and assume the role of coordinator and manager.
The course consists of two modules (Architecture and architectural composition II and Laboratory Architecture and architectural composition II) that are completed in a single program that is being described here and that is therefore reported without variations in both modules.
Course Structure
The course consists of theoretical lectures (detailed in the section on course content) and design exercises. The theoretical lectures serve to support the design exercises.
The number and variety of topics covered in the design exercises are designed to offer students a broad and diverse range of design scenarios to engage with and gain experience from, with the aim of developing skills in analysis, critical and creative thinking, and process-oriented reasoning.
DESIGN EXERCISES
There are 4 design exercises. The themes, which change from year to year, are chosen so that students engage with:
1. the design and full-scale construction of a small architectural structure. The goal is to expose students to all the challenges involved in bringing their ideas to life, from selecting materials to consulting with other experts;
2. the design of medium-sized contemporary living spaces;
3. the design of public spaces in the contemporary city;
4. participatory design for and with disadvantaged populations in Africa.
CONDUCT OF DESIGN PRACTICUM SESSIONS
The design process during classroom practicum sessions will take the form of workshops held during the hours set aside for practicum and lab work, so that students can always consult with the instructors while the rest of the class continues working.
Design exercises are conducted in groups of 4 to 6 students.
Reviews of the work will preferably be conducted on paper.
Projects must be completed on time for the scheduled deadlines and discussed publicly in class.
The submissions for design exercises serve as ongoing assessments.
Each submission will be graded, and the grade will contribute to the final grade.
All design projects will be presented on A1-sized panels, both in digital format (PDF or JPG) and as printed copies. For each design exercise, students must produce a summary booklet in A4 format of no more than 4 pages (easily obtained by folding an A3 sheet).
The graphic design of the panels will be reviewed and evaluated during the exam.
DOCUMENTS TO BE SUBMITTED
Each design assignment must also be accompanied by a short, one-minute video.
The design assignment must include at least the following documents:
• Description of the design concept, with a brief text of no more than 3,000 characters, including spaces
• Study and analysis of the project context
• Design concept
• Study models (to be photographed and included in the drawings)
• Technical wireframe drawings (site plans and profiles at 1/1000–1/500 scale, floor plans, elevations, sections at 1/100 scale, details at 1/50 scale)
• Colored drawings
• Schematics and diagrams describing the project
• Final models (to be photographed and included in the drawings)
• Renderings and photomontages
THE USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IS STRONGLY DISCOURAGED, BUT IF IT IS USED, THE MATERIALS PRODUCED WITH AI MUST BE DISCLOSED
GENERAL EVALUATION CRITERIA FOR DESIGN ASSIGNMENTS
• PROJECT CONCEPT
• Literary narrative of the project idea (NL)
• Context analysis (AC)
• Project concept (CP)
• Incorporation of any references (DR)
• Consistency of the project with the context analysis and literary narrative (CCL)
• REASONED DESIGN PROCESS
• Integration into the context IC
• Organization of floor plans and layouts OPP
• Composition of elevations CP
• Adequacy of details AD
• Selection and combination of materials M
• Sustainability of the project SP
• PROJECT PRESENTATION
• Graphic renderings, renderings, and photos in the ER panels
• Layout and readability of graphic renderings IT
• Completeness of the project’s visual narrative CRG
• Graphics and comprehensibility of the video V
This course does not include distance learning. However, if, due to circumstances beyond our control, the course is delivered in a blended or distance learning format, necessary adjustments may be made to the above guidelines in order to adhere to the planned curriculum as outlined in the syllabus.
Required Prerequisites
Attendance of Lessons
Attendance at the course lectures is mandatory and essential for developing the topics and completing the design assignments. During the lectures, the topics covered are discussed with the students, who thus actively participate by offering insights for discussion and suggesting topics of particular interest to them for further exploration. During lab sessions, students carry out design exercises under the guidance of the faculty. In this context, attendance also serves to establish clear and direct communication regarding the topics to be developed and the guidelines for approaching them most effectively.
Detailed Course Content
The course deals with the theme of the sense of contemporary dwelling in the Heideggerian meaning. Dwelling therefore studied through the observation of all aspects of contemporary life related to the new needs of society in economic, environmental, social, technological, anthropological, cultural, aesthetic and ethical terms. Issues that are declined in the following contents of the course: the sense of dwelling (from home to objects); ethics and architecture; aesthetics and architecture; ethics and aesthetics; hints of industrial design; public space.
The complexity of the architectural project is the theme that, consequently, is faced during the theoretical lessons, which are structured and argued as follows:
- For the understanding of architecture and in particular of contemporary architecture (the topics addressed are of an instrumental and theoretical nature;
- Monographs on the work of the masters of contemporary architecture;
- Movies;
- Interventions by external guests (the contribution of designers or other professional figures and / or testimonies that can enrich students' cultural baggage is hosted in the seminars of the course);
- External visits and conferences;
- In-depth themes chosen by the students of the course (at the beginning of the course, immediately after the presentation of the program and contents, students are asked to suggest a topic of their particular interest, not included in the program, which they want to be addressed with a specific lesson)
Textbook Information
Essential bibliography:
- D’Urso S., Le forme della memoria. Artifici mnemotecnici nella progettazione dello spazio pubblico, Malcor D’, Catania 2018.
- D’Urso S. (a cura di), I confini del progettare. Seminari sull’architettura l’uomo e la bellezza, LetteredaQALAT, Caltagirone 2015.
- Cassarà L., D’Urso S., Goodbye Topolinia. Su architettura e fumetto, Malcor D’, Catania 2013.
- D’Urso S., Il senso dell’abitare contemporaneo. La casa unifamiliare, Maggioli, Rimini 2009.
Complementary reading:
To dream
- Abbott Edwin A., Flatlandia. Racconto fantastico a più dimensioni, Adelphi, Milano 1993;
- Calvino I., Le città invisibili, Mondadori, Milano 1996;
- Tanizaki J., Libro d'ombra, Bompiani, Milano 2000;
- Mazzucchelli D., Asterios Polyp, Coconino press, Bologna 2009;
To deepen
- Celeschi I., Sull’architettura spontanea nell’hinterland etneo, LetteredaQALAT, Caltagirone 2017.
- D’Urso S., Miccione D. (a cura di), Singolarità e formularità. Saggi per una teoria generale dello stile, Ipocpress, Milano 2011;
- Piñón H., Teoria del progetto, Maggioli, Rimini 2009;
- Zanini P., Significati del confine. I limiti naturali, storici, mentali, Mondadori, Milano 1997;
- Clément G., Il giardiniere planetario, 22 publishing, Milano 2008;
- Clément G., Manifesto del Terzo paesaggio, Quodlibet, Macerata 2005;
- Dell’Osso R., Spazi pubblici contemporanei, Maggioli, Rimini 2015;
- Forzese E., Architettura terza. Forme e visioni del paesaggio tecnologico, Malcor D’, Catania 2014.
To avoid making mistakes
- La Cecla F., Contro l’architettura, Bollati Boringhieri, Torino 2008;
- Wolfe T., Maledetti architetti. Dal Bauhaus a casa nostra, Bompiani, Milano 1988;
- Clemente M., Gli architetti ... Dovrebbero ammazzarli da piccoli! Guida pratica alla ristrutturazione della casa senza prendersi l’ulcera, Robin, Roma 2006;
- Silber J., Architetture dell’assurdo. Come il «genio» ha tradito un’arte al servizio della comunità, Lindau, Torino 2009;
- Ross A., Celebration. La città perfetta. L’utopia urbanistica finanziata dalla Disney, Arcana, Roma 2001;
- Chamoiseau P., Texaco, Einaudi, Torino 1994.
To refer
- Koolhaas R., Mau B., S,M,L,XL, The Monacelli Press, New York 1995;
- Holl S., Parallax. Architettura e percezione, Postmedia, Milano 2004;
- Piano R., La responsabilità dell’architetto, Passigli, Firenze 2007;
- Tschumi B., Red is not a color. Architecture concepts, Rizzoli, New York 2012;
- Zumthor P., Pensare architettura, Mondadori Electa, Milano 2003;
- Zumthor P., Atmosfere. Ambienti architettonici. Le cose che ci circondano, Mondadori Electa, Milano 2007;
- Ingels B., Yes is more. Un archifumetto sull’evoluzione dell’architettura, Taschen, Köln 2011.
Course Planning
| Subjects | Text References | |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | I modelli di studio | |
| 2 | Architettura e fotografia | Fanelli Giovanni, Storia della fotografia di architettura |
| 3 | La composizione delle facciate | |
| 4 | I concorsi di progettazione | |
| 5 | Architettura e fumetto | Cassarà L., D’Urso S., Goodbye Topolinia. Su architettura e fumetto |
| 6 | I parchi contemporanei | |
| 7 | Il caso Gibellina | Oddo M., Gibellina la nuova. Attraverso la città di transizione |
| 8 | Il progetto del giardino | Clément G., Il giardiniere planetario |
| 9 | Acqua e architettura | |
| 10 | Rafael Moneo | Moneo R., La solitudine degli edifici e altri scritti. Questioni intorno all’architettura |
| 11 | Peter Zumthor | Zumthor P., Pensare architettura |
| 12 | Maya Lin | Maya L., Boundaries |
| 13 | Enric Miralles | Miralles/Pinós 1983-1990. Enric Miralles 1990-1994. El croquis n. 30+49/50 |
| 14 | La memoria e lo spazio pubblico | D’Urso S., Le forme della memoria. Artifici mnemotecnici nella progettazione dello spazio pubblico |
| 15 | Prostesi architettoniche | |
| 16 | Architettura e potere | Sudjic D., Architettura e potere. Come i ricchi e i potenti hanno dato forma al mondo |
| 17 | I paesaggi dell’abitare contemporaneo | D’Urso S., Il senso dell’abitare contemporaneo |
| 18 | L’insegnamento dell’architettura | D’Urso S. (a cura di), I confini del progettare. Seminari sull’architettura l’uomo e la bellezza |
Learning Assessment
Examples of frequently asked questions and / or exercises
The most frequently asked questions relate to the lessons covered during the course; however, students may also be asked about topics in the history of modern and/or contemporary architecture that are essential to the training of a designer. In the latter case, the most frequently asked questions are:
How many and what are the fundamental principles of Le Corbusier’s architecture?
What are the characteristics of the deconstructivist movement in architecture?
What are the categories of the Vitruvian triad?
What is the Centre Pompidou, and how was it designed and built?
The most frequently asked questions regarding the topics covered in class and listed in the bibliography are:
In what ways is photography instrumental to architecture?
How does Rafael Moneo interpret the relationship between tradition and innovation?
What is Moneo’s Kursaal?
What is the relationship between architecture and comics?
Draw and explain the compositional rules of the main elevation of Casa Vanna Venturi.
In what sense does Maya Lin’s Vietnam Memorial describe a circular path?
Why does Maya Lin say she thinks with her hands?
What was the construction process for Peter Zumthor’s Chapel of St. Nicholas?
Symbolism in garden design
Categories of memory that can be applied to the design of public space
What is the difference between a prosthesis and a “prostesis” in architecture?
Architecture and power during the era of totalitarian regimes
Architecture and power in a democratic regime
How has the meaning of “living” changed?
Why is architecture such a complex field?
Although the questions may seem to test factual knowledge, the answers considered best are never merely dry facts or rote memorization. Students are expected to express the concepts they have learned in their own words and to offer genuine reflections, thereby demonstrating mastery of the topics on which they were tested.