FONDAMENTI DI IDRAULICA E DI GESTIONE DELLE RETI IDRICHE

L’insegnamento alterna spiegazioni teoriche e applicazioni numeriche, per favorire la comprensione progressiva degli argomenti e la partecipazione attiva degli studenti. Sono previste le seguenti attività:

• Lezioni frontali, svolte in modalità partecipativa al fine di ottenere il massimo coinvolgimento degli studenti e la maturazione dei contenuti del corso;
• Esercitazioni guidate, volte all’applicazione numerica dei concetti e dei metodi di analisi e modellazione più comunemente utilizzati nel campo dell’idraulica, con applicazioni alla verifica, al dimensionamento e alla regolazione delle reti idriche;
• Prove in itinere, mirate a verificare durante il corso l’effettiva comprensione dei contenuti e la maturazione delle competenze;
• Visite tecniche presso cantieri, enti gestori e altri soggetti operanti nel settore delle opere idrauliche, compatibilmente con le disponibilità organizzative.

Qualora si renda necessario svolgere le attività in modalità mista o a distanza, metodi e strumenti saranno adattati mantenendo gli obiettivi formativi e i contenuti del programma.

Gli studenti con esigenze specifiche o con uno status riconosciuto dall’Ateneo potranno concordare con il docente modalità di supporto e un percorso di apprendimento personalizzato, secondo le disposizioni di Ateneo applicabili.

La frequenza è fortemente consigliata: la partecipazione alle lezioni e alle esercitazioni favorisce l’apprendimento graduale, il confronto sui procedimenti risolutivi e la verifica della comprensione.

·         Introduzione al corso

·         I fluidi e le loro proprietà

·         Statica dei fluidi

·         Cinematica dei fluidi

·         Equazioni fondamentali dell’idraulica

·         Il teorema di Bernoulli

·         Equazioni del moto dei fluidi reali

·         Analisi dimensionale

·         Correnti in pressione

·         Problemi pratici relativi alle lunghe condotte e agli impianti con pompe e turbine

·         Verifica, dimensionamento e regolazione delle reti idriche in pressione

·         Correnti a pelo libero: moto uniforme, stato critico e moto permanente

·         Tracciamento e interpretazione dei profili di corrente in moto permanente

Mossa, M., Petrillo, A.F. (2013) Idraulica, Casa Editrice Ambrosiana, Milano

Pezzinga, G. (2008) Esercizi di meccanica dei fluidi, Aracne Editrice, Roma

Learning outcomes are assessed through a written examination and a final oral examination. Two optional mid-term written tests are also offered, each covering approximately half of the course syllabus. Students who pass both tests, with a mark of at least 18/30 in each, may proceed directly to the final oral examination.

The assessments are designed to verify students’ understanding of the underlying principles and their ability to apply them to the proposed problems. The clarity of graphical representations and oral presentation contributes to the assessment of communication skills. The ability to establish connections among different topics and to apply the methods learned to problems involving data different from those used in class provides evidence of students’ capacity for independent learning.

Registration for an examination session must be completed through the University online portal. Examination sessions are scheduled in accordance with the University Teaching Regulations: two examination dates for each of the three examination periods, one examination date during each of the two teaching breaks, and two examination dates reserved for students who are beyond the normal duration of their degree programme and/or belong to the categories specified in Article 30 of the University Teaching Regulations.

During the periods allowed by the academic calendar, in addition to the regular weekly office hours, students may contact the lecturer by e-mail to arrange additional meetings for clarification.

Mid-term tests

The two tests follow the progression of the course and are normally held during the teaching period. Each test covers approximately half of the syllabus; the exact distribution of topics is communicated to students according to the actual progress of the lectures. Their indicative structure is as follows:

• First test: fluid properties and fluid statics, pressure distribution and hydrostatic forces on plane and curved surfaces, kinematics, fundamental equations of fluid dynamics, and Bernoulli’s theorem.
• Second test: motion of real fluids, dimensional analysis, pressurised flows, systems with pumps and turbines, verification, design and regulation of water distribution networks, open-channel flows, and steady-flow water-surface profiles.

All questions are open-ended. Each test consists of 10 questions, each worth a maximum of 3 points, and is graded on a 30-point scale. In order to proceed directly to the final oral examination, students must obtain at least 18/30 in each of the two tests; therefore, an overall average of 18/30 is not sufficient.

The grades obtained in the mid-term tests remain valid throughout the relevant academic year.

Students who pass both mid-term tests take the final oral examination during one of the official examination sessions, for which they must register in order to complete the examination and have the final grade officially recorded.

Final written examination

As an alternative to the mid-term tests, students may sit a single written examination. The examination assesses the same knowledge and skills and covers all the topics listed above for the mid-term tests.

The result is communicated within one week. A mark of 18/30 or above allows students to proceed to the final oral examination.

The final oral examination is compulsory and provides an opportunity to explore the course topics in greater depth, including applications to pressurised flows, systems involving hydraulic machinery, the verification, design and regulation of water distribution networks, and open-channel flows. It assesses students’ command of the subject matter, their ability to establish connections among topics, their reasoning skills, and their appropriate use of technical terminology. The final grade takes into account the results of both the written component and the oral examination.

Assessment criteria for written examinations

Each written test consists of 10 questions requiring numerical and graphical responses. Each answer is awarded up to 3 points: 3 points for a correct solution; 2 points for a solution containing minor calculation errors; 1 point for a solution containing moderately significant theoretical errors; and 0 points for an incorrect answer. The total score is expressed on a 30-point scale.

Criteria for the final grade

The following ranges describe the level of achievement associated with each grade. For written examinations, the scoring system described above applies. In the final oral examination, clarity of presentation, independent reasoning, and the ability to establish connections among topics are also taken into account.

·         Determinare la distribuzione delle pressioni in un liquido in quiete e rappresentarne il diagramma.

·         Calcolare la risultante delle pressioni su una superficie piana o curva.

·         Applicare il teorema di Bernoulli, precisando le ipotesi e il significato dei termini.

·         Applicare l’analisi dimensionale a un problema idraulico e individuare le grandezze adimensionali rilevanti.

·         Determinare la spinta dinamica esercitata da una corrente.

·         Tracciare e interpretare la linea piezometrica e la linea dei carichi totali.

·         Valutare le perdite di carico lungo una condotta.

·         Calcolare la potenza richiesta da una pompa o resa da una turbina.

·         Verificare e dimensionare una rete di condotte in pressione.

·         Determinare l’altezza critica e l’altezza di moto uniforme in un canale.

·         Individuare il regime di una corrente a pelo libero.

·         Tracciare e interpretare i profili di corrente in moto permanente, precisando le condizioni al contorno.